M53
Globular Cluster
aka NGC 5024, IC 255
RA: 13h12m55.0s Dec: +18°10'12" (Coma Berenices)
Integrated Visual Magnitude: 7.7
Angular Diameter: 13.0'
Distance 65000 ly

Minimum requirements to detect: binoculars under country skies


Messier 53 is a rich globular cluster that lies within a degree of Alpha Com.   Smyth reportedly called M53 an "interesting ball of innumerable worlds."   Visible in binoculars, small telescopes, and even finders as a small round ball of haze, it is only in 6-inch or larger scopes that it begins to grudgingly give up a few of its myriad stars.  As you move to larger apertures and higher magnification, more and more stars become resolved.  Sir WIlliam Herschel said of M53 that is was "one of the most beautiful sights I remember to have seen in the heavens"  and compared its appearance to M10.  In larger scopes at magnifications of 250x or greater, this cluster is quite beautiful.  It is somewhat asymmetrical for a globular, with a tight core that is resolved when the seeing is good. 

M53 is clearly visible in my 8x52 finder scope, appearing as a big fuzzy star.  In my 18-inch at 94x it appeared as a round haze with bright center overlaid with a smattering of resolved stars.  At 270x the view was very different.  It now filled 1/2 of the field of view and my eye was met by a myriad of countless stars.  My notes began with a single word, "Spectacular!"  The brighter inner region now resolved into many stars, very regular in appearance and distribution.  But across the face of the cluster lies another population of brighter stars.  These stars are scattered very irregularly and extend far away from the cluster center.  It must be these stars that are first resolved at low magnification or in smaller apertures.  Perhaps this dichotomy is what Smyth was talking about when he described M53 as "a mass of minute stars 11-15 mag. and from thence to gleams of star-dust, with stragglers."  Increasing the magnification still more, M53 appeared absolutely wondrous in my 4.8mm Nagler (425x), filling the field with myriad, tiny points of light.

Within a degree of M53 lies another globular cluster, NGC 5053.  These two globulars provide a wonderful study in contrasts, for it is difficult to imagine two more different clusters.


The field in an 6-inch f/8 at 50x.  North is down and east is to the right.
Millennium Star Atlas Vol II Chart 699
Sky Atlas 2000 Chart 14
Uranometria 2000 Vol I Chart 150
Herald-Bobroff Astroatlas B-05 C-21

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