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NGC 278
Compact Spiral Galaxy
NGC 278, PGC 3051, MCG 8-2-16, Uppsala 528
Integrated Visual Magnitude: 11.5
Mean Surface Brightness: 22.1 mag/arc-sec2
Apparent Diameter: 2.4' x 2.4'
Distance: 26 Mly
Actual Diameter: 18,000 ly

Minimum requirements to view: 6-inch scope and dark skies

This is an odd looking, obscure little galaxy whose primary claim to fame is its appearance in a photograph in Burnham's, although nothing is written about it.  In a wide field eyepiece it looks like a tiny round smudge near a distinct grouping of stars.  What makes this object interesting in the eyepiece is that galaxies this small don't typically have such a high surface brightness; for this reason its appearance is more like that of a planetary nebula.  Even at high magnification it appears more like a planetary than a galaxy, complete with a central star--the tiny nearly-stellar core of the galaxy.

Users of 16-inch or larger instruments should use at least 400x to look for the presence of dark lanes between the spiral arms.  In my 18-inch on an average night I was able to see some mottling in the otherwise smooth disk, with a relatively well defined edge. 

 

The field in an 8-inch at 55x. North is down and east is to the right.

If you wish to be mischievous, try showing this one to an observing buddy.  Claim he's looking at a planetary nebula and see if he realizes that it's a galaxy instead!
 

Millennium Star Atlas Vol I Chart 84
Sky Atlas 2000 Chart 4
Uranometria 2000 Vol I Chart 60